ABSTRACT
Los neonatos pretérminos nacen con inmadurez en los órganos, lo que lleva al compromiso del sistema inmunológico. Los campos electromagnéticos afectan la producción de melatonina a niveles bajos de exposición. Estos niños necesitan equipamiento médico las 24 horas del día para su recuperación, por lo que están expuestos a los campos magnéticos durante todo el tiempo que se encuentren en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. El objetivo fue medir los niveles de campo magnético que se generan alrededor de cada una de las incubadoras utilizando un gaussímetro y comparar los resultados con las recomendaciones de la Comisión Internacional para la Protección contra las Radiaciones No Ionizantes de 2010 y la norma de la International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) IEC 60601-1-2:2004. En 11 neonatos internados, los valores de radiación se encontraban dentro de los recomendados, pero existía interferencia electromagnética por problemas de disposición de los equipos en el área.
Preterm infants are born with immature organs, thus affecting the immune system. Electromagnetic fields influence melatonin production with low exposure levels. These infants require medical equipment 24/7 to recover, so they are constantly exposed to magnetic fields during their stay in the Intensive Care Unit. Our objective was to measure magnetic field levels generated around each incubator using a gauss meter and compare our results to the 2010 recommendations by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and the IEC 60601-1-2:2004 standard by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Among 11 hospitalized newborn infants, radiation was found within the recommended limits, but there was electromagnetic interference resulting from medical equipment layout problems in the unit.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Magnetic Fields/adverse effects , Infant, Premature , Equipment and Supplies , Water Level Measurement/analysis , Incubators , Intensive Care Units , Maximum Allowable Concentration , MelatoninABSTRACT
Temozolomide, a chemotherapeutic drug that is often administered for the treatment of brain cancer has severe side effects and a poor aqueous solubility. In order to decrease the detrimental effect of the drug over healthy cells, a novel drug delivery vehicle was developed where the therapeutic drug was encapsulated within the hydrophobic cavities of b-CD modified magnetite nanoparticles, which are embedded in chitosan nanobeads prepared by salt addition. In-vitro studies have shown that the magnetic properties of the novel delivery vehicle are adequate for targeted drug delivery applications under an external magnetic field. Additionally, an increase in the amount of chitosan was shown to exhibit a strong shielding effect over the magnetic properties of the delivery vehicle, which lead to deterioration of the amount of captured drug at the targeted area, suggesting a delicate balance between the amounts of constituents composing the drug delivery vehicle.
Subject(s)
In Vitro Techniques/instrumentation , Brain Neoplasms , Temozolomide/analysis , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Cyclodextrins/pharmacology , Chitosan/antagonists & inhibitors , Ferrosoferric Oxide/pharmacology , Magnetite Nanoparticles/adverse effects , Magnetic Fields/adverse effects , Magnetics/classificationABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To study the response of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) in rats to simulated geomagnetic activity. Methods: In a simulated strong geomagnetic outbreak, the MI/RI rat models were radiated, and their area of myocardial infarction, hemodynamic parameters, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), melatonin, and troponin I values were measured after a 24-hour intervention. Results: Our analysis indicates that the concentrations of troponin I in the geomagnetic shielding+operation group were lower than in the radiation+operation group (P<0.05), the concentrations of melatonin in the shielding+operation group and normal+operation group were higher than in the radiation + operation group (P<0.01), and the concentrations of CK in the shielding + operation group were lower than in the radiation + operation group and normal + operation group (P<0.05). Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and ± dP/dtmax in the radiation+operation group were lower than in the shielding + operation group and normal+operation group (P<0.01). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LEVDP) in the shielding + operation group was higher than in the normal + operation group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in area of myocardial infarction and LDH between the shielding + operation group and the radiation + operation group. Conclusion: Our data suggest that geomagnetic activity is important in regulating myocardial reperfusion injury. The geomagnetic shielding has a protective effect on myocardial injury, and the geomagnetic radiation is a risk factor for aggravating the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology , Magnetic Fields/adverse effects , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Creatine Kinase , Disease Models, Animal , HemodynamicsABSTRACT
Introducción: la intensidad registrada del campo electromagnético de frecuencia extremadamente baja proveniente del uso de la energía eléctrica en los ambientes laborales y comunales, supera varias veces los valores del fondo natural y se espera que se incrementen en los próximos años. El acercamiento a los CEM y el conocimiento de lo controvertido del tema, motivó la realización de este trabajo. Objetivo: mostrar la influencia de los mismos en el cuerpo humano y sus posibles implicaciones a la salud. Métodos: se realizó una revisión temática sobre este tema en revistas especializadas en salud ambiental, publicadas de 1988-1997, entre las que se encuentran: Occupational and Medicine, Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environmental and Health. Se exploraron bases de datos internacionales, otras fuentes y recursos de información. Resultados: del total de publicaciones referenciadas, solo en 4 no se relaciona la exposición a campo electromagnético con la aparición de afecciones a la salud humana; pero la gran mayoría (55 documentos) si las consideran de una u otra forma; 6 hacen referencias a que los campo electromagnético producen de alguna manera cambios a nivel biológico y fisiológico en humanos, y 49, los asocian a la ocurrencia de enfermedades. Conclusiones: es indudable que el desarrollo tecno productivo no ha sido inocente con la salud de los seres humanos. Es una necesidad actual el determinar, cuantificar y evaluar el riesgo en aras de precisar su relación con la salud humana, lo que permitirá tomar medidas en función de la protección y seguridad en el futuro(AU)
Introduction: recorded intensity of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) from the use of electricity at work and in community settings, exceeds several times the natural background values and is expected to increase in the coming years. The approach to the EMF and knowledge of the controversial issue prompted us to prepare this paper. Objective: to show the influence of the electromagnetic fields on the human body and its possible implications for health. Methods: occupational and Medicine, Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environmental and Health were among the specialized journals on environmental health published from 1988-1997 and used to make a literature review on this topic. International databases, sources and other information resources were explored. Results: of the total number of publications, only 4 did not relate exposure to electromagnetic field with onset of human health problems; but the vast majority (55 documents) did so in one way or another. Six made reference to the electromagnetic field causing somehow biological and physiological changes in humans whereas 49 associated it with the occurrence of diseases. Conclusions: there is no doubt that the productive and technical development has not been unrelated to human health. Therefore, it is required to determine, quantify and assess the risk in order to clarify its relation to human health, which will allow taking actions towards protection and safety in the future(AU)